从 Protractor 迁移
迁移原则
- 不再需要 "webdriver-manager" / Selenium。
- Protractor 的 ElementFinder ⇄ Playwright Test 定位器 (Locator)
- Protractor 的
waitForAngular⇄ Playwright Test 的自动等待 (auto-waiting) - 在 Playwright Test 中不要忘记使用 await
速查表
| Protractor | Playwright Test |
|---|---|
element(by.buttonText('...')) | page.locator('button, input[type="button"], input[type="submit"] >> text="..."') |
element(by.css('...')) | page.locator('...') |
element(by.cssContainingText('..1..', '..2..')) | page.locator('..1.. >> text=..2..') |
element(by.id('...')) | page.locator('#...') |
element(by.model('...')) | page.locator('[ng-model="..."]') |
element(by.repeater('...')) | page.locator('[ng-repeat="..."]') |
element(by.xpath('...')) | page.locator('xpath=...') |
element.all | page.locator |
browser.get(url) | await page.goto(url) |
browser.getCurrentUrl() | page.url() |
示例
Protractor
describe('angularjs homepage todo list', function() {
it('should add a todo', function() {
browser.get('https://angularjs.org');
element(by.model('todoList.todoText')).sendKeys('first test');
element(by.css('[value="add"]')).click();
const todoList = element.all(by.repeater('todo in todoList.todos'));
expect(todoList.count()).toEqual(3);
expect(todoList.get(2).getText()).toEqual('first test');
// You wrote your first test, cross it off the list
todoList.get(2).element(by.css('input')).click();
const completedAmount = element.all(by.css('.done-true'));
expect(completedAmount.count()).toEqual(2);
});
});
逐行迁移到 Playwright Test
const { test, expect } = require('@playwright/test'); // 1
test.describe('angularjs homepage todo list', () => {
test('should add a todo', async ({ page }) => { // 2, 3
await page.goto('https://angularjs.org'); // 4
await page.locator('[ng-model="todoList.todoText"]').fill('first test');
await page.locator('[value="add"]').click();
const todoList = page.locator('[ng-repeat="todo in todoList.todos"]'); // 5
await expect(todoList).toHaveCount(3);
await expect(todoList.nth(2)).toHaveText('first test', {
useInnerText: true,
});
// You wrote your first test, cross it off the list
await todoList.nth(2).getByRole('textbox').click();
const completedAmount = page.locator('.done-true');
await expect(completedAmount).toHaveCount(2);
});
});
迁移亮点(请参阅 Playwright Test 代码片段中的行内注释)
- 每个 Playwright Test 文件都会显式导入
test和expect函数 - 测试函数用
async标记 - Playwright Test 会将
page作为其参数之一。这是 Playwright Test 中众多有用的固件 (fixtures) 之一。 - 几乎所有 Playwright 调用都以
await为前缀 - 使用 page.locator() 创建定位器是少数同步方法之一。
为 waitForAngular 添加垫片 (Polyfilling)
Playwright Test 内置了自动等待功能,这使得在一般情况下不再需要 Protractor 的 waitForAngular。
然而,在某些边缘情况下它可能仍然有用。以下是在 Playwright Test 中为 waitForAngular 函数添加垫片的方法
-
确保您的 package.json 中已安装 protractor
-
垫片函数
async function waitForAngular(page) {
const clientSideScripts = require('protractor/built/clientsidescripts.js');
async function executeScriptAsync(page, script, ...scriptArgs) {
await page.evaluate(`
new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const callback = (errMessage) => {
if (errMessage)
reject(new Error(errMessage));
else
resolve();
};
(function() {${script}}).apply(null, [...${JSON.stringify(scriptArgs)}, callback]);
})
`);
}
await executeScriptAsync(page, clientSideScripts.waitForAngular, '');
}如果您不想保留 protractor 版本,您也可以使用此更简单的方法(仅适用于 Angular 2+)
async function waitForAngular(page) {
await page.evaluate(async () => {
// @ts-expect-error
if (window.getAllAngularTestabilities) {
// @ts-expect-error
await Promise.all(window.getAllAngularTestabilities().map(whenStable));
// @ts-expect-error
async function whenStable(testability) {
return new Promise(res => testability.whenStable(res));
}
}
});
} -
垫片用法
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.org');
await waitForAngular(page);
Playwright Test 超能力
一旦您使用 Playwright Test,您将获得很多!
- 完全零配置的 TypeScript 支持
- 在所有 Web 引擎(Chrome、Firefox、Safari)和任何流行操作系统(Windows、macOS、Ubuntu)上运行测试
- 完全支持多源、(i)帧、选项卡和上下文
- 跨多个浏览器并行运行测试
- 内置测试工件收集
您还将获得所有这些随 Playwright Test 捆绑的 ✨ 强大工具 ✨
进一步阅读
了解有关 Playwright Test 运行器的更多信息